Methods of weaving frieze fabrics



Aug. 23, 1955 N. o. G; NELSON METHODS OF WEAVING FRIEZE FABRICS Filed Feb. 9, 1953 United States Patent lVlET IODS OF WEAVING FRIEZE FABRICS Nils O. G. Nelson, Clinton, Mass.

Application February 9, 1953, Serial No. 335,915

4 Claims. (Ci. 132ll) This invention relates to a method of weaving frieze fabrics, and more particularly to a novel method of weaving double faced frieze looped fabrics whereby two of such fabrics may be woven simultaneously in a double shuttle loom.

Heretofore, in the weaving of double faced frieze looped fabrics, whether the same was done in a single or double shuttle loom, it was not possible to weave two of such fabrics simultaneously by any of the methods heretofore used.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a novel method of weaving frieze looped fabrics, particularly for weaving two of such fabrics simultaneously in a double shuttle loom, each having uncut frieze loops extending from each face of the ground cloth, whereby considerable savings will be effected in the production of such fabrics.

A further object of the invention is to provide a method of simultaneously weaving two pieces of double faced frieze fabric each having uncut frieze loops extending from each face of the ground cloth, in the use of which method there is no undue complication of the weaving mechanism, and weaving equipment which is readily available may be employed in the carrying out of the method.

The nature and characteristic features of the present invention will be more readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing forming part hereof, which illustrates schematically the weaving of two separable fabrics, each of a double faced fiieze type.

It should, of course, be understood that the description and drawing herein are illustrative merely, and that various changes and modifications may be made in the weave therein shown without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the weaving of fabrics of the type shown in the drawing, there are used essentially, in each set of warps in each fabric, a pair of ground or binder warps, and two loop forming warps which emerge to form the loops, one from each face of the ground fabric.

In the fabric as shown in the drawing there are, in each set of warp, two ground ends designated G and G in the upper fabric, and two ground ends designated G and G in the lower fabric. There are also preferably, in each set of warp, two loop forming ends designated L and L in the upper fabric, and two loop forming ends designated L and L in the lower fabric. The corresponding ends in the upper and lower fabrics are shedded simultaneously which is rendered possible by the peculiar and unique steps employed in effecting the weave.

There are also employed in the carrying out of the method three sheets of wires which extend into the fell of the cloth and which are shedded by suitable heddles whereby the sustaining or waste picks may be inserted over and below the various Wires as required in the formation of the respective weaves of the two fabrics.

The upper sheet of wires designated W is disposed ice above the ground cloth of the upper fabric and serves to support the sustaining wefts of the upper fabric which are inserted above said wires W The intermediate sheet of wires designated W are disposed between the ground cloths of the upper and lower fabrics and serve to sustain the wefts which are inserted above said wires to support the loops of the upper face of the lower fabric and also the wefts which are inserted below said wires to support the loops extending from the lower face of the upper fabric.

The third sheet of wires designated W are disposed below the ground cloth of the lower fabric and serve to support the loops extending from the lower face of the lower fabric.

Preferably, the corresponding ends in both the upper and lower fabrics are shedded by means of double eye heddles, which permits the reduction of the number of harness frames to the total number of ends used in each set of warp in each fabric plus the harness frames for shedding the loop forming wires.

There are preferably six double picks of the weft to each repeat. Two of the picks in each fabric are for the purpose of inserting the sustaining wefts which in the finishing of each fabric are usually pulled out, or otherwise removed and become waste.

The wefts of the upper fabric are inserted by the upper shuttle of the loom and the wefts of the lower fabric are inserted by the lower shuttle of the loom.

In the weaving of the fabric shown in the drawing, the weft of the first pick for the upper fabric is inserted under the loop end L over the wire W and over all of the other warp ends of the upper fabric, while at the same time the weft of the lower fabric is inserted under loop end L over wire W and over all the other warp ends of the lower fabric.

The weft of pick 2 for the upper fabric is inserted over loop end L under the wire W and under all of the other warp ends of the upper fabric, as well as the wire 1, and at the same time the weft of pick 2 for the lower fabric is inserted over the loop end L under wire W and under all of the other ends of the lower fabric. 7

The weft of pick 3 of the upper fabric is inserted under the wire W under the loop end L under the ground end G over the ground end G and over the loop end L as well as over the wire W whereas, at the same time the weft of pick 3 for the lower fabric is inserted under the wire W under the loop end L under the ground end G over the ground end G over the loop end L and over the wire W In each cloth the warps are crossed between picks 3 and 4.

The weft of pick 4 for the upper fabric is inserted under wire W under loop end L and ground end G over ground end G and loop end L as well as over the wire W and at the same time the weft of pick 4 for the lower fabric is inserted under the wire W under loop end L under ground end G and over the ground end G and loop end L as well as over wire W The weft inserted by the fifth pick in both upper and lower fabrics is the same as pick 4, there preferably being no crossing of the warps between these two picks. However, in each cloth the warps are again crossed between picks 5 and 6.

The weft inserted by the sixth pick for the upper cloth passes under wire W under loop end L under the ground end G over ground end G and over loop end L as well as over wire W while at the same time the weft inserted by pick 6 for the lower fabric passes under wire W under loop end L and ground end G and over ground end G loop end L as well as over wire W The wires for supporting the sustaining weft in each instance extend into the fell of the cloth a sufiicient dis- V V 3 tance to impart the necessary tension to said wires, and the height of the Ioops may be determined bythe regulation of the letoif of the yarn for forming the frieze loops, namely, the warp ends L L L and L ,By the foregoing method theremay be woven, in. a.

double shuttle loom, two similar fabrics with frieze loops emerging on both faces, of each fabric at desired picks, by means of which considerable economy in the production of'fabrics of this: character may be effected.

By the use of the method of the present invention there may be produced, much more economically than hasvheretofore been possible, cloth such as is employed in the inner layer of the light weight heat insnlatedzgarments now being used by aviators, soldiers and other persons whoare exposed to very low temperatures.

In the carrying out of the methoddouble eye heddles may' beused-for the simultaneous shedding of the corresponding warp ends in the upper and lower fabrics respectively, thereby permitting the harness to be simplified and made-much less cumbersome than would normally be expected for accomplishing the purpose. V

;It shoulda1sobe noted that in the carrying outofthe method, no cutting knives are required for the separation of the'upper and lower, cloths, and that the frieze loops on each side extending from each face of each ground cloth are uncut,'whereby the heat insulating properties of the product will not be minimized.

I claim: 7

1. The method of simultaneously weaving two double faced friezelooped fabrics comprising the weaving of two separate groundicloths in a double shuttle loom, having three sheets of loop forming wires extending longitudinallyinto the fell of the cloth, one of said sheets of wires being disposed above the upper ground'cloth, another sheet. being disposed between the two ground cloths, and v the remaining sheet being disposed below the lower ground cloth, at regular intervals inserting above the upper sheet of wires a sustaining weft for forming frieze loops on the upper face of the upper fabric and. simultaneously inserting above the intermediate sheet of wires a corresponding sustaining weft for forming frieze loops on; the upper-face of the lower fabric, and at a subsequent pick inserting below the middle sheet of wires a sustaining weft for forming frieze loops on the lower face of the upper fabric and simultaneously inserting below the lower sheet'of wires a sustaining weft for forming frieze loops on the lower face of the lower fabric, interweaving frieze loops over the sustaining wefts, and feeding the fabric beyond the ends of the wires to thus permit separation of the upper'from the lower fabric.

2. The method of simultaneously weaving two double longitudinally into the fell of the cloth, one of said sheets of wires being disposed. above the upper ground cloth,

anothersheet being disposed between the two ground.

cloths, and the remaining sheet being disposed below the a 'lowerg'round cloth, at regular intervals inserting above the upper sheet of wires a sustaining weft for forming V frieze loops on the upper face of the upper fabric and simultaneously inserting above the intermediate sheet of wires. a corresponding sustaining weft for forming frieze loops on. the: upper face of the lower fabric, and at the next succeding pick insertingbelow the middle sheet of wires a sustaining weftrfor forming. frieze loops on the three sheets of loop forming wires extending longitudinally into the fell of the cloth, one of said sheets of wires being disposed above the upper ground cloth, another 7 sheet being disposed between the two ground cloths, and the remaining sheet being disposed below the' lower ground cloth, at regular intervals inserting above the 7 upper sheet of wires a sustaining weft for forming frieze loops on the upper face of the upper'fabric and simultaneously inserting above the intermediate sheet of wires a corresponding sustaining weft for forming frieze loops on the upper face of the lower fabric, and at a subsequent pick inselting below the middle sheet of wires a sustaining V weft for forming frieze loops on the lower face of the upper fabric and simultaneously inserting below the lower sheet of wires a sustaining: weft for forming frieze loops on the lower face of the lower fabric, interweavingfrieze loops over the sustaining. wefts, crossing the warps in.

each fabric from one face to the other and back again between picks intermediate the picks for inserting the sustaining wefts, and feeding the fabric beyond the ends of the wires to thus permit the separation of the upper from the lower fabric.

4. The method of simultaneously weavingtwo double faced frieze loops fabrics comprising the Weaving of two separate ground cloths in a double shuttle loom, having three sheets of loop forming wires extending longitudinally into the fell. of the cloth, oneof said sheets of wires being disposed above the upper ground cloth, another sheet being disposed between the'two ground cloths, and

the remaining sheet being disposed below the lower ground cloth, at regular intervals inserting above the upper sheet of-wires a sustaining weft for forming frieze loops on the upper face of the upper fabric and simultaneously inserting above the intermediate sheet of wires a corresponding sustaining weft for forming frieze loops on the upper face of the lower fabric, and at the next succeeding pick inserting below the middle sheet of wires a sustaining weft for forming frieze loops on the lower face of the upper fabric andrsimultaneousiy inserting" below the lower sheet of wires a sustaining weft for forming frieze loops on the lower face of the lower fabric, interweaving frieze loops over the sustaining wefts, crossing the warps in each fabric from one face to the other and back again between picks intermediate the picks for inserting the'sustaining wefts, and feeding the fabric beyond the ends'of the wires to thus permit separation of the upper from the lower fabric.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,305,373 Koch June 3, 1919 1,854,181 Erkes et al-. Apr. 19, 1932 2,043,942 Wilson June 9, 1.936- 2,064,208 Kaufman Dec. 15, 1936- 2,095,382 Drobile Oct; 12, 1937 2,391,835

Kavanagh Dec. 25, 1945 

